comma enharmonique | ||||||
doigté de pédale | ||||||
doigté | Fingersatz | |||||
indication de pédale | ||||||
pointillés | ||||||
A | la | a | ||||
accent | accent | Akzent | accent | accento | ||
accidental | altération accidentelle | Vorzeichen, Versetzungszeichen, Akzidenz | toevallig teken | accidento | ||
adjacent keys | tons voisins | |||||
alto | alto | Alt | alt | |||
ancient form??? (diatonic minor scale) | forme du mode mineur ancien | |||||
appoggiatura | appogiature, ports de voix, notes d'agrèment | langer Vorschlag | lange voorslag | appogiature | ||
arbitrary number of bars' rest) | bâton de pause | meermaats rust | ||||
arpeggio | arpège, arpègement | Arpeggio, Brechungen | gebroken akoord | arpeggio | ||
artificial measure | mesure artificielle | |||||
artificial rest | respiration | |||||
ascending interval | intervalle ascendant | stijgend interval | ||||
augmented (interval) | augmenté (intervalle) | übermäßig (Intervall) | overmatig interval | |||
B | si | h | ||||
backfall, forefall | accent, chute, port de voix | Vorschlag | korte voorslag | appogiature | ||
bar line | barre (de mesure) | Taktstrich | maatstreep | stanghetta | ||
bar; measure | mesure | Takt | maat, maatstreep | |||
baritone | bariton | Bariton | bariton | |||
F-Schlüssel | F sleutel | A clef shaped as a curl with two dots. The position between the dots is the line of the F below central C. | ||||
bass clef | clé de fa | Bass-Schlüssel | bas sleutel | chiave di basso | A clef setting with central C on the first top ledger line. | |
bass | basse | Bass | bas | |||
beam | barre | Balken | waardestreep/balk | barra | ||
beat | temps | Takt(-schlag) | tel | |||
brace | accolade | Klammer | accolade, haak | accolada | Symbol at the start of a system that connects staffs. | |
brass | Blechbläser | koper (blazers) | ||||
alto clef | clé d'ut | Altschlüssel | alt sleutel | chiave di tenore | Clef setting that has central C on the middle staff line. | |
C clef | C sleutel. | A clef symbol that looks like a horizontally mirrored 3. It indicates the position of the central C. Used in different positions. | ||||
C | do | c | C | |||
C | ut | c | ||||
cadence | cadence | Kadenz | cadens | |||
cadenza | fioriture | Kadenz | cadens | cadenza | ||
cent | Cent | cent | 1/1200 of an octave (1/100 of an equally tempered semitone) | |||
chain of trills | chaîne de trilles | triller | ||||
character | caractère | |||||
chevron | chevron | |||||
chord | accord | Akkord | akkoord | |||
chromatic scale | gamme chromatique | Chromatische Tonleiter | chromatische toonladder | |||
chromatic semitone | demi-ton chromatique | chromatische halve toon | ||||
chromatic transposition | transposition chromatique | |||||
chromatic type | genre chromatique | |||||
church mode, ecclesiastical mode | mode ecclésiastique | Kirchentonart | kerk toonladder | |||
clef | clé | Notenschlüssel | sleutel | la chiave (pl. le chiavi) | ||
comma | comma | Komma | komma | Difference in pitch of a note when the note is derived from a different tuning system. | ||
compound interval | intervalle composé | Komplementärintervall | ||||
compound measure | mesure composée | samengestelde maat | ||||
conjunct movement | mouvement conjoint | |||||
consonant interval; consonance | consonance | Konsonanz | consonant | |||
contralto | contralto | Alt(-stimme), alt- | ||||
contro-time | contre-temps | |||||
crescendo | crescendo | Crescendo | crescendo | written with an extended opening angular bracket, indicates increasing volume | ||
cue-notes | Stichnoten | stichnoten | In an orchestral part, notes for a different instrument that hint when to start playing. Usually printed in smaller type. | |||
D | ré | d | ||||
dash over/below | pizzicato | With plucked strings | ||||
decrescendo | Decrescendo | decrescendo | written with an extended closing angular bracket, indicates decreasing volume | |||
degree [of the scale] | degré [de la gamme] | Stufe [der Tonleiter] | trap [van de toonladder] | |||
descending interval | intervalle descendant | dalend interval | ||||
diatonic major scale | gamme diatonique majeure | Diatonische Durtonleiter | diatonische majeur toonladder | |||
diatonic minor scale | gamme diatonique mineure | Diatonische Molltonleiter | ||||
diatonic semitone | demi-ton diatonique | diatonische halve toon | ||||
diatonic type | genre diatonique | diatonisch | ||||
diatonic | diatonique | diatonisch | A diatonic scale is a scale consisting of whole and half tones. | |||
diminished (interval) | diminué (intervalle) | vermindert (Intervall) | verminderd (interval) | |||
disjunct movement | mouvement disjoint | |||||
dissonant interval; dissonance | dissonance | Dissonanz | dissonant interval; dissonant | |||
dominant ninth chord | accord de neuvième dominante | dominant noon akkoord | ||||
dominant seventh chord | accord de septième dominante | Dominantseptakkord | dominant septiem akkoord | |||
dominant | dominante | Dominante | dominant | A tone that creates tension;the fifth degree of the scale. | ||
dorian mode | Dorische Tonart | dorische toonladder | Mode obtained by raising the sixth in minor mode. A Dorian scale can be played from D to D with no sharps or flats. | |||
dot (augmentation dot) | point | Punkt (Verlängerungspunkt) | punt | punto | An augmentation dot after note adds multiplies the duration by one and a half. | |
dot and curved line combined | point et liaison combinés | |||||
dot over/below | Staccato | staccato | staccato | Play each note short. | ||
dot | point | Punkt | punt | |||
dotted note | note pointée | punktierte Note | ||||
double appoggiatura | appogiature double | |||||
double bar line | double barre | Doppel(takt)strich | dubbele streep | doppia barra | Indicates the end of a section within a movement. | |
double dotted note | note doublement pointée | doppel-punktierte Note | ||||
double flat | double bémol | Doppel-Be | dubbelmol | doppio bemolle | ||
double sharp | double dièse | Doppelkreuz | dubbelkruis | doppio diesis | Raise pitch by two semitones | |
double trill | trille double | Doppeltriller | A trill on a chord | |||
double triplet | double triolet | Doppeltriole | dubbele triool | |||
double whole note | Brevis | breve | brevis | breve | Note during twice as long as a whole note. Mainly used in pre-1650 music. | |
duple meter | temps binaire | tweedelige maatsoort | ||||
duplet | duolet | Duole | duool | |||
duration | durée | Dauer, Länge | duur, lengte | |||
E | mi | e | ||||
eighth note | croche | Achtelnote | quaver | achtste noot | ||
eighth rest | demi-soupir | Achtelpause | quaver rest | achtste rust | ||
engraving | Notenstechen | steken | The traditional process of music printing: cutting in a plate of metal. Now also the term for the art of music typography. | |||
enharmonic | enharmonique | enharmonisch | enharmonisch | Two notes, intervals, or scales are enharmonic if they have different names but sound the same. Examples: C sharp and D flat, diminished fourth and major third | ||
equal temperament | tempérament égal | getempereerde stemming | Tuning system in which each semitone is precisely 100 cents. | |||
essential alteration | altération essentielle | |||||
expression mark | signe d'expressoin | Vortragszeichen | voordrachtsteken | segno d'espressione | ||
extension of interval | extension d'intervalle | |||||
F | fa | f | ||||
fermata | pauses | Fermate | fermate | fermata | Prolonged sound or silence of indefinite duration | |
fifth | quinte | Quinte | kwint | |||
flag, hook, tail, pennant | crochet | Fähnchen | vlaggetje | coda uncinata | Ornament at the end of the stem of a note. The number of flags determines the lengths of notes shorter than a quarter note. | |
flat | bémol | Be | mol | bemolle | Lower pitch by a semitone | |
four-bar rest | bâton de pause | |||||
fourth | quarte | Quarte | kwart | |||
G | sol | g | ||||
glissando | glissement | Glissando | glissando | glissando | Letting the pitch slide fluently from one note to the other | |
graces | petites notes | Verzierungen, Manieren | versieringen | appogiature | ||
grand staff | piano systeem | A combination of two staffs with a brace. Usually used for piano music. | ||||
half note | blanche | Halbe Note | minim | halve noot | ||
half rest | demi-pause | Halbe Pause | minim rest | halve rust | ||
harmonic cadence | cadence harmonique | harmonische cadens | Sequence of chords that terminate a musical phrase or section. | |||
harmonic form (diatonic minor scale) | forme harmonique | |||||
harmonic interval | intervalle harmonique | Harmonisches Intervall | ||||
incomplete measure | mesure incomplète | |||||
interval | intervalle | Intervall | interval | Difference in pitch between two notes | ||
inversion of interval | renversement d'intervalle | interval inversie | ||||
irregular contro-time | contre-temps irrégulier | |||||
irregular group | groupe irrégulier | |||||
irregular measure | mesure irrégulière | |||||
irregular syncopation | syncope irrégulière | onregelmatige syncope | ||||
just intonation | Tuning system in which the notes are obtained by adding and subtracting natural fifths and thirds. | |||||
key signature | armure, armature [de la clé], signes des accidentals | Vorzeichen | toonsoort (voortekens) | segni di chiave | ||
kind of note | figure de note | |||||
kind of rest | figure de silence | |||||
leading note | sensible | |||||
ledger line, leger line | ligne supplémentaire | Hilfslinien, Kopfstriche (?) | hulplijntje | lineette | A ledger line is an extension of the staff. | |
legato curve | liaison rythmique | legato boog | ||||
lilypond | étang de lis | Lilienteich | lily pond | lelievijver | stagno del giglio | A pond with lilies floating in it, also the name of a music typesetter. |
line | ligne | Linie | lijn | |||
long appoggiatura | appogiature longue | |||||
lower number | chiffre inférieur | |||||
major (interval) | majeur (intervalle) | groß (Intervall) | groot (interval) | |||
major mode | mode majeur | Dur | ||||
meantone temperament | tempérament mésotonique | Tuning based on a fifth that is 16 cents smaller than the natural fifth. | ||||
mediant | médiante | mediant | The third degree of a scale | |||
melodic cadence | cadence mélodique | cadens | A free-form section at the end of a solo-concerto, where the soloist can demonstrate his/her virtuosity. | |||
melodic form (diatonic minor scale) | forme mélodique | |||||
meter, time | mètre | Takt, Metrum | maatsoort | A recurring pattern of stress | ||
metronome | métronome | Metronom | metronoom | Device which sounds a steady beat | ||
metronomic indication | indication métronomique | Metronomangabe | Exact tempo indication (in beats per minute). Also denoted by M.M. (Mälzel's Metronom) | |||
mezzo-soprano | mezzo-soprano | Mezzosopran | ||||
middle C | do central | eingestrichenes c | centrale C | First C below the 440 Hz A. | ||
minor (interval) | mineur (intervalle) | klein (Intervall) | ||||
minor mode | mode mineur | Moll | ||||
modal note | note modale | |||||
mode | mode | Geschlecht | ||||
modulation | modulation | Modulation | modulatie | |||
mordent | mordant, pincè | Pralltriller, Mordent | mordent | mordente | ||
motive | incise | Motiv | motief | |||
musical ladder | échelle musicale | |||||
mixolydian mode | Mixolydische Tonart | Mixolydische toonladder | Mode obtained by lowering the seventh in major. A mixolydian scale can be obtained by playing G to G with no sharps or flats. | |||
natural sign | bécarre | Auflösungszeichen | herstellingsteken | bequadro | Do not play the following note flat or sharp. | |
ninth | None | noon | ||||
note head | Notenkopf | noot balletje | ||||
note | note | Note | noot | nota | ||
octave line | échelle d'octave | |||||
octave line | clé d'octave | |||||
octave sign | octave | Oktave | ottava | |||
octave | octave | Oktave | octaaf | |||
ornament, embellishment; accessory | agrèment, ornement | Verzierungen | fiorette, fioriture, abbellimenti | |||
part | partij | |||||
pause | pause | Luftpause | ||||
pause | point d'orgue | |||||
perfect (interval) | juste (intervalle) | rein (Intervall) | rein (interval) | |||
perfect major chord | accord parfait majeur | |||||
perfect minor chord | accord parfait mineur | |||||
phrase member | membre de phrase | |||||
phrase | phrase | Phrase | frase, zin | |||
phrasing | phrasé | |||||
pitch pipe; tuning fork | diapason | Stimmgabel | stemfluitje; stemvork | |||
pitch | hauteur | Tonhöhe | toonhoogte | |||
Pythagorean comma | comma pythagoricien | Pythagoräisches Komma | komma van Pythagoras | A sequence of fifths starting on C eventually circles back to C (B sharp), but this B sharp is 24 cents higher than C. This gap is the Pythagorean comma. | ||
quadruplet | quartolet | kwartool | ||||
quarter note | noire | Viertelnote | crotchet | kwartnoot | ||
quarter rest | soupir | Viertelpause | crotchet rest | kwart rust | ||
register | registre | Register | register | |||
regular contro-time | contre-temps régulier | |||||
regular syncopation | syncope régulière | |||||
relative scales | gammes relatives, tons relatifs | |||||
repeat | barre de reprise | Wiederholung | herhaling | |||
rest | silence | |||||
rest | soupir | Pause | rust | pausa | ||
return sign | renvoi | herstellingsteken | ||||
rhythm | rythme | Rhythmus | ritme | |||
rhythmic curve | courbe rythmique | |||||
scale | gamme | Tonleiter | toonladder | |||
score | partition | Partitur | partituur | |||
second | seconde | Sekunde | secunde | |||
semitone | demi-ton | Halbton | halve toon | |||
seventh | septième | Septime | septiem | septime | ||
sextuplet | sextolet | Sextole | sextool | |||
sextuplet | sixain | sextool | ||||
shading signs | signes indicateurs de nuance | |||||
shading | nuance | Nuance | ||||
sharp | dièse | Kreuz (um Halbton erhöht) | kruis | |||
short appoggiatura | appogiature brève | |||||
simple appoggiatura | appogiature simple | |||||
simple interval | intervalle simple | |||||
simple measure | mesure simple | |||||
sixteenth note | double croche | Sechzehntelnote | semiquaver | zestiende noot | ||
sixteenth rest | quart de soupir | Sechzehntelpause | semiquaver rest | zestiende rust | ||
sixth | sixte | Sexte | sext | |||
sixty-fourth note | quadruple croche | Vierundsechzigstelnote | hemidemisemiquaver | vierenzestigste noot | ||
sixty-fourth rest | seizième de soupir | Vierundsechzigstelpause | hemidemisemiquaver rest | |||
slur | liaison, coulé | Bindungszeichen, Bindebogen | binding, bindingsboog | legatura | ||
soprano | soprano | Sopran | sopraan | |||
space | espace | |||||
staff | portée | Noten(linien)system | (noten)balk; partij | pl staves or staffs | ||
stem | queue | Stiel, Hals | stok | asta, gamba | ||
strings | Streicher | strijkers | ||||
strong beat | temps fort | thesis | ||||
subdominant | sous-dominante | Subdominante | The fourth degree of the scale | |||
submediant | The sixth scale degree | |||||
subtonic | sous-tonique | Subtonika | The seventh degree of the scale | |||
superdominant | sus-dominante | The sixth scale degree | ||||
supertonic | sus-tonique | The second scale degree | ||||
syncopation; upbeat | syncope | Synkope | syncope | |||
syntonic comma | comma syntonique | komma van Didymos, syntonische komma | Difference between the natural third and the third obtained by Pythagorean tuning, euqal to 22 cents. | |||
system | système | System | systeem | sitema | ||
tempo indication | signes de temps | Zeitmaß, Tempobezeichnung | tempo aanduiding | segno di tempo | ||
tempo; movement | mouvement | Tempo | ||||
tenor | ténor | Tenor | ||||
tenth | Dezime | deciem | decime | |||
tetrachord | tétracorde | Vierklang | ||||
third | tierce | Terz | terts | |||
thirty-second note | triple croche | Zweiunddreißigstelnote | demisemiquaver | 32e noot | ||
thirty-second rest | huitième de soupir | Zweiunddreißigstelpause | demisemiquaver rest | 32e rust | ||
tie | liaison | Haltebogen | overbinding | legatura | A curve that shows the prolongation (as opposed to the repetition fo a note) | |
time signature | chiffrage (chiffres indicateurs), signe de valeur | Taktvorzeichnung, Taktvorzeichen | maatsoort | segni di tempo | ||
tonal note | note tonale | |||||
tonality | tonalité | Tonalität | tonaliteit | |||
tone | ton | Ton | toon | |||
tonic | tonique | Tonika | tonica | |||
transposition | transposition | Transposition | transpositie | Shifting a melody up or down in pitch, while keeping the same relative pitches. | ||
G clef | G sleutel | A clef symbol with a loop at the top and a spiral in the center. The center of the spiral indicates the G above central C. | ||||
treble clef | clé de sol | Violinschlüssel | viool sleutel | chiave di violino | Clef setting where the second lowest line is the G above central C. | |
tremolo | trèmolo | Tremolo | tremolo | tremolo | ||
trill; shake | trille, tremblement, battement (cadence) | Triller | triller | trillo | ||
triple meter | temps ternaire | driedelige maatsoort | ||||
triplet | triolet | Triole | ||||
tritone | triton | Tritonus | ||||
turn; gruppetto | brisè, groupe, doublè, grupetto | Doppelschlag | dubbelslag | grupetto | ||
two-bar rest | bâton de pause | |||||
underline over/below | portamento | Portato | ||||
unison | unisson | Unisono | unisono | Different instruments playing exactly the same melody. | ||
unit of beat | unité de temps | |||||
unit of measure | unité de mesure | |||||
upbeat, arsis | Auftakt | |||||
upper number | chiffre supérieur | |||||
voice | voix | Stimme | stem | |||
weak beat | temps faible | arsis | ||||
whole note | ronde | Ganze Note | semibreve | hele noot | ||
whole rest | pause | Ganze Pause | semibreve rest | |||
woodwind | Holzbläser | houtblazers |
Please send GNU LilyPond questions and comments to gnu-music-discuss@gnu.org.
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Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 1999 Han-Wen Nienhuys and Jan Nieuwenhuizen.
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