<?php
include_once $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/include/shared-manual.inc';
$TOC = array();
$TOC_DEPRECATED = array();
$PARENTS = array();
include_once dirname(__FILE__) ."/toc/language.namespaces.inc";
$setup = array (
  'home' => 
  array (
    0 => 'index.php',
    1 => 'PHP Manual',
  ),
  'head' => 
  array (
    0 => 'UTF-8',
    1 => 'en',
  ),
  'this' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.namespaces.definitionmultiple.php',
    1 => 'Defining multiple namespaces in the same file',
  ),
  'up' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.namespaces.php',
    1 => 'Namespaces',
  ),
  'prev' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.namespaces.nested.php',
    1 => 'Sub-namespaces',
  ),
  'next' => 
  array (
    0 => 'language.namespaces.basics.php',
    1 => 'Basics',
  ),
  'alternatives' => 
  array (
  ),
  'source' => 
  array (
    'lang' => 'en',
    'path' => 'language/namespaces.xml',
  ),
  'history' => 
  array (
  ),
);
$setup["toc"] = $TOC;
$setup["toc_deprecated"] = $TOC_DEPRECATED;
$setup["parents"] = $PARENTS;
manual_setup($setup);

contributors($setup);

?>
<div id="language.namespaces.definitionmultiple" class="sect1">
  <h2 class="title">Defining multiple namespaces in the same file</h2>
  
  <p class="verinfo">(PHP 5 &gt;= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)</p>
  <p class="para">
   Multiple namespaces may also be declared in the same file. There are two allowed
   syntaxes.
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-375">
    <p><strong>Example #1 Declaring multiple namespaces, simple combination syntax</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
     <div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">namespace </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br />const </span><span style="color: #0000BB">CONNECT_OK </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Connection </span><span style="color: #007700">{ </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */ </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">connect</span><span style="color: #007700">() { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */  </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br /><br />namespace </span><span style="color: #0000BB">AnotherProject</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br /><br />const </span><span style="color: #0000BB">CONNECT_OK </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Connection </span><span style="color: #007700">{ </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */ </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">connect</span><span style="color: #007700">() { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */  </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   This syntax is not recommended for combining namespaces into a single file.
   Instead it is recommended to use the alternate bracketed syntax.
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   <div class="example" id="example-376">
    <p><strong>Example #2 Declaring multiple namespaces, bracketed syntax</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
     <div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">namespace </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject </span><span style="color: #007700">{<br /><br />const </span><span style="color: #0000BB">CONNECT_OK </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Connection </span><span style="color: #007700">{ </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */ </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">connect</span><span style="color: #007700">() { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */  </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />}<br /><br />namespace </span><span style="color: #0000BB">AnotherProject </span><span style="color: #007700">{<br /><br />const </span><span style="color: #0000BB">CONNECT_OK </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Connection </span><span style="color: #007700">{ </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */ </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">connect</span><span style="color: #007700">() { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */  </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   It is strongly discouraged as a coding practice to combine multiple namespaces into
   the same file. The primary use case is to combine multiple PHP scripts into the same
   file.
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   To combine global non-namespaced code with namespaced code, only bracketed syntax is
   supported. Global code should be
   encased in a namespace statement with no namespace name as in:
   <div class="example" id="example-377">
    <p><strong>Example #3 Declaring multiple namespaces and unnamespaced code</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
     <div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">namespace </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject </span><span style="color: #007700">{<br /><br />const </span><span style="color: #0000BB">CONNECT_OK </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Connection </span><span style="color: #007700">{ </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */ </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">connect</span><span style="color: #007700">() { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */  </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />}<br /><br />namespace { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// global code<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">session_start</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$a </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject\connect</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject\Connection</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">start</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
  <p class="para">
   No PHP code may exist outside of the namespace brackets except for an opening
   declare statement.
   <div class="example" id="example-378">
    <p><strong>Example #4 Declaring multiple namespaces and unnamespaced code</strong></p>
    <div class="example-contents">
     <div class="phpcode"><code><span style="color: #000000"><span style="color: #0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></span><span style="color: #007700">declare(</span><span style="color: #0000BB">encoding</span><span style="color: #007700">=</span><span style="color: #DD0000">'UTF-8'</span><span style="color: #007700">);<br />namespace </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject </span><span style="color: #007700">{<br /><br />const </span><span style="color: #0000BB">CONNECT_OK </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">1</span><span style="color: #007700">;<br />class </span><span style="color: #0000BB">Connection </span><span style="color: #007700">{ </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */ </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />function </span><span style="color: #0000BB">connect</span><span style="color: #007700">() { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">/* ... */  </span><span style="color: #007700">}<br />}<br /><br />namespace { </span><span style="color: #FF8000">// global code<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">session_start</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">$a </span><span style="color: #007700">= </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject\connect</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br />echo </span><span style="color: #0000BB">MyProject\Connection</span><span style="color: #007700">::</span><span style="color: #0000BB">start</span><span style="color: #007700">();<br />}<br /></span><span style="color: #0000BB">?&gt;</span></span></code></div>
    </div>

   </div>
  </p>
 </div><?php manual_footer($setup); ?>